Arsenic: A Review on a Great Health Issue Worldwide

Arsenic intoxication represents a worldwide health problem and occurs mainly through drinking water. Arsenic, metalloid naturally occurring element, is one of the most abundant elements in earth’s crust, whose toxicity depends on reduction state. The trivalent arsenicals are more toxic than pentavalent arsenicals. In state, inorganic organic arsenic may react with thiol groups proteins inhibiting their activity, whereas state replace phosphate ions several reactions. induces various epigenetic changes mammalian cells, both vivo vitro, often leading to development types cancers, including skin, lung, liver, urinary tract, prostate, hematopoietic cancers. Potential mechanisms cancer include genotoxicity, altered DNA methylation cell proliferation, co-carcinogenesis, tumor promotion, oxidative stress. On other hand, FDA-certified drug trioxide provides solutions for diseases, Detoxification from includes chelation therapy. Recently, investigations capability some plants, such as Eucalyptus camadulensis L., Terminalia arjuna L. Salix tetrasperma remove polluted soil water have been studied. Moreover, nanophytoremediation green technology nanoscale materials used absorption degradation pollutants, compounds. This brief review an overview uses, toxicity, epigenetics, detoxification therapies.